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  • Knee tutorial
    1. Tools
    2. Rough form
    3. Raising
    4. Refining
    5. Planishing
    6. Fluting
    7. Form the wing
    8. Finishing the wing
    9. End result
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Armour Making Tutorial

15th century German Knees
Page 7

Forming the wing

Forming stake and poleyn
I place a heavy T shaped stake in the vice. This hollow ground area works well for forming opposing curves like the ones at the base of greaves. The fan of the knee will curve to the back yet flair slightly at the sides. These two curves oppose each other and require some force to form. The shape when finished is very strong.


Forming the wing
I used the broader face of my raising hammer with strong hits, striking just slightly to the right of the stake to armour contact point. This stretches and thins the metal in the back area of the wing. This spot is not as likely to be struck with a weapon so it is acceptable to be moderately thinner.


Forming the wing of the knee
Striking the wing slightly off to the right of the stake (or left if you are left handed) causes it to curve towards where the back of the leg would be when worn. Several passes may be needed to get the shape rough formed.


Refining the shape of the wing
The above picture is a little deceptive. The right side of the stake is symmetrical to the left. I am using a heavy planishing hammer to strike inside V shape in the wing. The hits are fairly strong but controlled. After the desired rough shape is achieved a few more passes can be made to slightly planish the recessed area of the wing.


Rough formed poleyn fan
The recess of the wing is now rough formed and ready for clean up.


sharpening the shape
I used the medium ball peen hammer to sharpen the centre of the V from the inside. Medium light hits were applied to the steel contacting near the edge of the anvil. You can strike the rest of the area of the V from the inside to nearly planish the area provided your anvil surface is fairly smooth and clean.

formed crease
The crease is defined and the recessed area is nearly planished.

Next Page
Expanding the wing



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